The Definition of Conduction in Physics

Conduction refers to the transfer of energy through the movement of particles that are in contact with each other. In physics, the word conduction is used to describe three different types of behavior, which are defined by the type of energy being transferred: Heat conduction (or thermal conduction) is the transfer of energy from a warmer substance to a colder one through direct contact, such as someone touching the handle of a hot metal skillet.Electrical conduction is the transfer of electrically charged particles through a medium, such as electricity traveling through the power lines in  your house.Sound conduction (or acoustic conduction) is the transfer of sound waves through a medium, such as vibrations from loud music passing through a wall. A material that provides good conduction is called a conductor, while a material that provides poor conduction is called an  insulator. Heat Conduction Heat conduction can be understood, on the atomic level, as particles physically transferring  heat energy as they come into physical contact with neighboring particles. This is similar to the explanation of heat by the kinetic theory of gases, though the transfer of heat within a gas or liquid is usually referred to as convection. The rate of heat transfer over time is called the heat current, and it is determined by the thermal conductivity of the material, a quantity that indicates the ease with which heat is conducted within the material. For example, if an iron bar is heated at one end, as shown in the image above, the heat is understood physically as the vibration of the individual iron atoms within the bars. The atoms on the cooler side of the bar vibrate with less energy. As the energetic particles vibrate, they come into contact with adjacent iron atoms and impart some of their energy to those other iron atoms. Over time, the hot end of the bar loses energy and the cool end of the bar gains energy, until the entire bar is the same temperature. This is a state known as thermal equilibrium. In considering heat transfer, though, the above example is missing one important point: the iron bar is not an isolated system. In other words, not all of the energy from the heated iron atom is transferred by conduction into the adjacent iron atoms. Unless its being held suspended by an insulator in a vacuum chamber, the iron bar is also in physical contact with a table or anvil or another object, and it is also in contact with the air around it. As air particles come into contact with the bar, they too will gain energy and carry it away from the bar (though slowly, because the thermal conductivity of unmoving air is very small). The bar is also so hot that it is glowing, which means that it is radiating some of its heat energy in the form of light. This is another way in which the vibrating atoms are losing energy. If left alone, the bar will eventually cool down and reach thermal equilibrium with the surrounding air. Electrical Conduction Electrical conduction happens when a material allows an electrical current to pass through it. Whether this is possible depends on the physical structure of how the electrons are bound within the material and how easily the atoms can release one or more of their outer electrons to neighboring atoms. The degree to which a material inhibits the conduction of an electrical current is called the materials electrical resistance. Certain materials, when cooled to nearly absolute zero, lose all electrical resistance and allow electrical current to flow through them with no loss of energy. These materials are called superconductors. Sound Conduction Sound is physically created by vibrations, so it is perhaps the most obvious example of conduction. A sound causes the atoms within a material, liquid, or gas to vibrate and transmit, or conduct, the sound through the material. A sonic insulator is a material whose individual atoms do not easily vibrate, making it ideal for use in soundproofing.

Ignorance is Not an Excuse Essays - 980 Words

Ignorance is Not an Excuse We only choose what we think is good and if anyone chooses evil it must be through ignorance. Plato believes that we always choose good unless we are ignorant. Plato claims being ignorant would be the only excuse for choosing evil. His views of this are apparent in the Meno. As I read up on whether or not we deliberately choose evil I realized there are many sides, many ways to answer this question. My opinion is not as clear as I thought. In this paper I will go through numerous writings on this subject, such as the Meno. The writings by Augustine and Descartes basically support Platos argument. While comparing all the writings I hope that I can come up with a conclusion of my own.†¦show more content†¦Also, it is quite apparent that Mr. McVeigh is not ignorant. He happens to be a very smart man. Here is a perfect example of someone choosing harm, or evil without having the excuse of being ignorant. Unfortunately, we know there are many more people in the world like this. I give Plato the benefit of the doubt for his opinion because maybe in the time peri od he lived there were not these extreme examples of people choosing evils on purpose, without the excuse of ignorance. Augustines writings on Free Will contain a segment about whether or not to choose sin. Augustine starts in the Garden of Eden, where all Christians believe everything began. Augustine states that in the Garden of Eden there were Gods commandments from above and the serpents, the Devils, suggestions from below. Gods commandments are the good and the suggestions from the serpent are evil. Augustine is real blunt when explaining what he believes. He says that if a person has reached a state of wisdom he shall have no problem in not succumbing to the suggestions from the serpent below. He states that even fools, the ignorant, will eventually be able to move on to a state of wisdom. They will then be able to overcome the evil suggestions of the serpent. Augustine does write that those who find wisdom after ignorance will have a problem letting go of the sweetnes s of the evil things they have become accustomed toShow MoreRelatedIgnorance Is Not An Excuse For Not Learning Essay1337 Words   |  6 PagesScream aloud and you will be heard, because if you scream in your head and sigh quietly aloud, no one will hear. More often than not, it is the loud, obnoxious, and the obvious that are recognized. It is true that ignorance is not an excuse for not learning, but one must realize the ignorance before being able to right it. Many people are ignorant when it comes to mental illness. It is an odd paradox, that a society, which can now speak openly and unabashedly about topics that were once unspeakableRead MorePlatos View of Conventional Morality853 Words   |  3 Pagesare an excuse for partners to cheat. However, I do believe that it aids the overall process along. Furthermore, I believe knowledge is a better explanation of moral wrongdoing than ignorance. I believe rational human beings have knowledge of their actions and the impact these actions have on others. Likewise, ignorance is simply used as an excuse to hide knowledge of wrong doing. We often notice, once a partner is caught lying or cheating that the explanation is some form of ignorance on theRead MoreIgnorance of Law Is No Defence985 Words   |  4 PagesTOPIC: THE MAXIM IGNORANCE OF THE LAW IS NO DEFENCE, SHOULD NOT BE PART OF THE GHANA LEGAL SYSTEM SINCE MANY OF THE PEOPLE LIVING IN THE RURAL AREAS ARE ILLETREATES. IGNORANCE OF THE LAW IS NO DEFENSE This maxim can also be translated as ignorance of the law is no excuse. When one is found guilty of a crime the accused tends to hold unto the saying that he did not know that what he did is unlawful thereby ignoring that fact that ignorance of the law is no excuse or defense. This maximRead More The Holocaust Essays1218 Words   |  5 Pages(Davenport 13). Some believe that it was necessary to hold all German citizens responsible for their involvement in these crimes against humanity; however the Nuremberg trials were the best solution for justice, as they showed ignorance and duty were no longer viable excuses for crimes, and they set a precedent for future trials by demonstrating a strong intolerance for genocide. Before the trials began, the Allied forces debated on whether it was necessary to try these men, or if it would be bestRead MoreImportance of Law (Research Paper)809 Words   |  4 Pagesthen even the simplest thing, like disposing of waste could effect the entire world. If this is not done properly then diseases could spread and eventually wipe out the human race. 3. â€Å"Ignorance of the Law is not an excuse† I agree with the legal principle Ignorance of the law is no excuse for breaking it. I believe that this principle should be respected except in two special situations. In my opinion people have a certain responsibility to know and obey the laws whichRead MoreJohnny Juneaus Case Overview1605 Words   |  6 PagesLaw- A mistake of law is a legal principle that refers to errors made by a person in understanding how the law addressed their past activities. In criminal cases, though, a mistake of law is not always recognized as a defense because ignorance of the law is no excuse for committing the act. The Defense Essentially, the defense in the case of Johnny Justice revolves around two basic principles of law: 1) the defendant is incompenent and therefore cannot understand their actions due to a cognitiveRead MorePolitical Ignorance And Its Impact On Politics939 Words   |  4 Pagesforever govern ignorance: And a people who mean to be their own Governors, must arm themselves with the power which knowledge gives.† A quote by James Madison, the author of the bills of rights, in a letter he wrote to W.T. Barry. Even James Madison was talking about ignorance in his day. However, that is not altogether surprising considering people were less informed and less educated in his era. Today citizens have arrived at a dangerous place of ignorance, and that political ignorance seems to beRead MoreHonesty And Knowledge : The Philosophy Of Saint Augustine, Saint Thomas Aquinas, And Immanuel Kant1249 Words   |  5 Pagessinful desire. Aquinas says that â€Å"Ignorance is consequent t o the act of the will, in so far as ignorance itself is voluntary†¦as when a man wishes not to know, that he may have an excuse for sin, or that he may not be withheld from sin; according to Job 21:14: We desire not the knowledge of Thy ways. And this is called affected ignorance.† (83) Wishing not to know and staying willfully ignorant to excuse oneself from sin, is what Aquinas calls affected ignorance. Therefore, Aquinas indicates thatRead MoreBe Careful What You Sign Essay1361 Words   |  6 Pagesagainst Letisha? Explain. * Sudson can argue that the lessee was feigning ignorance on her part and that is why she says that she was not aware of the contract terms. The lesser did engage the lessee in talking business and since she already is a businesswoman who engages others in written contracts as a landlord she should have known better than to sign a document that she had not read. Ignorance is not an excuse in law thus it was her prerogative as a businessperson to read the lease carefullyRead MoreOrigins of the N-Word Essay1379 Words   |  6 Pageswords, in spite of their spelling, still holds the same degrading power as it did during the time of slavery, and they are still spoken out of cruelty and ignorance, but who is to blame? Can one still blame the Spaniards for considering people of a darker skin tone –Black? Can we blame the Europeans for perpetuating their hatred and ignorance of superiority over a race of people to the point they felt it lawful to define and dehumanize them? Or d oes the blame lie with the African-American race as

Analysis of Night - 874 Words

3 April, 2013 H English 10 Period 1 â€Å"Faith is Lost in the Night† The horrible accounts of the holocaust are vividly captured by Elie Wiesel in Night, an award winning work by a Holocaust survivor. It describes his time in the Holocaust and helps the reader fully understand the pain he went through. In the text, Elie continuously mentions how he is losing his faith to god. It is evident that he has nearly, if not completely lost his faith during the events of the holocaust. In the memoir, Night, Elie Wiesel’s faith changes because of the absence of God, the dehumanization of the prisoners, and all of the death that surrounds him. A main factor to the loss of Elie’s faith is the absence of God. Many times in the memoir, Elie is†¦show more content†¦He was then beaten by some others and eventually died of a blow to the head. This caused turmoil in Elie’s life because all of his faith and will to live stemmed from his father. After his father’s death he had nothing to look forward to and nothing to be faithful for. Because of this, he lost all of his faith and will to live. It is remarkable that Elie was able to survive without any faith because that is what pushed him to live on. Death was the prominent reason Elie lost his faith in the memoir. The absence of God, the dehumanization of the prisoners, and all of the death that surrounds him causes Elie Wiesel to lose faith in the memoir Night. Once Elie knew that god had betrayed him and the other Jews, he began to lose his faith. After being tortured to an unbelievable extent and treated like dogs he lost yet even more faith. Finally, when his father, his source of faith, dies he completely loses all hope and will to live. Elie’s faith changed drastically from the beginning to the end of the memoir because he had to live through the horrors of theShow MoreRelatedRhetorical Analysis Of Night And Night785 Words   |  4 Pages Night Rhetorical Analysis Elie Wiesel wrote a book called Night and Night is about his life experience during the holocaust and to explain his experience during the holocaust elie wiesel used literary elements like image clusters, pathos, tones, and metaphors for the readers to get into more detail and to feel a certain way about his experience. Image Cluster â€Å"An old men appeared, his mustache was covered with ice and his lips were blue.†(pg.90) This is a image cluster because it’s sayingRead MoreAnalysis Of Night On A Cold Night1141 Words   |  5 PagesSTANZA ONE This first stanza describes the setting. It tells us that it is midnight on a gloomy night. The man was between reading a strange book and dozing off. The speaker thought that he heard a slight knocking on his chamber door. He told himself that the knocking was just a visitor. STANZA TWO This stanza adds more information about the setting. The man tells us that it in December. It adds more sorrow to the poem by adding that even the embers of the fire were dying and leaving ghostly tracesRead MoreAnalysis Of Night In Night By Elie Wiesel813 Words   |  4 Pagesmemoir Night by Elie Wiesel is all about his personal journey and place in the telling of the Holocaust. In the book he is sent to Auschwitz as a lamb is sent to the slaughter. He reiterates his transformation during this time, a transformation where he diverts from his Jewish roots and loses his faith in a merciful and Almighty God. In the beginning of Elie’s time in Auschwitz, he is a faithful young Jew who not only knows his religion well but wishes to learn even more. As said in Night, â€Å"OneRead MoreAnalysis Of Night In Night By Elie Wiesel1183 Words   |  5 PagesIn Night, Elie Wiesel shines light upon that when times are rough, it is easy to be selfish. This was clearly captured when young fourteen-year-old Elie Wiesel was watching as the Nazi’s take away his valuables, friends, faith, and family. As if every piece of him was broken glass, he had to pick himself up along the way. It all started in 1944, in the suburb of Sighet, Romania. It was a marvelously bright day, a beautiful day. But today, the Nazis had forced Wiesel, the rest of his family, andRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Night 964 Words   |  4 PagesShe was alone. Wanda leant against the massive mural wall beside her while her eyes were closed. Not like she wanted to sleep; she just felt bored, and she had no faintes t idea what to do while anticipating for her uncle to pick her up from school. The sky was limpid that day, and the sun shone directly toward her, and Wanda felt like hell. She doesn’t have any place to be since that day was the construction’s day on the nearby road in front of the school. Therefore, no student allowed running acrossRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Night 1703 Words   |  7 PagesThe night is brisk and even with the thick suede jacket pulled over the man’s shoulders he is still freezing. He should mind the frozen temperatures, but he doesn’t because he has just won a vast amount of money off a bet. Money that he can spend on luxuries that he doesn’t need but believes he deserves. He smiles to himself, walking along the cold roads. Occasionally passersby will bump into him and cautious to pickpockets, he pats the pocket that holds the thick envelope of money. Maybe he’ll stopRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie The Night 996 Wo rds   |  4 Pagesneedles of death! she exclaims. I don t understand you, Bridges. Josh laughs,You saved my life, but then almost gave me a heart attack. Brianna smiles up at him as he laughs. Adoration shines in her eyes, sparkling like stars on the darkest of nights. Blood curdling needles of death? Josh chuckles, So dramatic! Have you ever considered writing? Shut up Ramsay. Brianna smirks, I would be a wonderful author. Josh walks closer to the bed, his heart racing. He sits down in the same spotRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem The Night 984 Words   |  4 PagesGemma awoke, with a huge yawn, on a rainy spring morning. She climbed out of bed and went to her bedroom window to peek out as the rain went tap-tap on her window. Gemma heard the clatter of pans in the kitchen so she went out to see what her mommy was cooking for breakfast. What a wonderful surprise! her mommy had made her fishy shaped pancakes to fit with the rainy day. Gemma s mommy smiled at her and gave her a kiss on the head as she said good morning my beautiful Gemma with a great bigRead MoreAnalysis Of The Story The Night 1062 Words   |  5 PagesFlats so he could get on the train to the Junction, but when Eady’s horses fall ill, he hires Ethan as a driver. On the way back to Starkfield, the Narrator has no choice but to seek shelter at Ethan’s farmhouse due to a terrible snowstorm. In the night, he finds a clue which helps him piece together the story of Ethan Frome. The frame changes to a third person omniscient point of view, and Ethan is going to town to walk Mattie, his wife’s cousin, home from a dance at the church. Her parents bothRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Night 1207 Words   |  5 PagesAlan strode out the door just as skittish as he was when he walked in. He went over his plan in his head a countless amount of times. He was meeting Diana for dinner that night. He was going to put the potion into her wine. Diana wasn’t aware that Alan had such a tremendous admiration for her. He was strolling along, almost to the restaurant when a bluebird swooped down and snatched the love potion from Alan’s grip. â€Å"Ah-ah-oh you come back here bird! That’s mine!† shrieked Alan. He dashed

Communication Is The Single Most Effective Method Of...

Introduction Communication is the single most effective method of sharing information. Communication is the transfer of information from one individual to another or from leadership to subordinates to convey a message that requires a response or following from the other. Effective communication provides guidance to the workforce. In an organization, communication may be employed to give direction about how a task should be done, or it may be to convey the organizations mission and value to affect the organization’s culture. Specifically, in a health care organization, clear, concise communication is essential to design a comprehensive care plan with patients and to coordinate care amongst health care professionals. Therefore, in this paper the author will discuss the consequences and cost of ineffective communication in a health care organization then the author will formulate a strategic plan to improve communication within a health care organization by formulating a plan that includes formative and summative evaluation process. The audience for this presentation is hospital nurse leaders and executives. The culture of an organization must be reinforced starting with senior leaders. If senior leaders emulate the behavior of care, then staff and subordinates will follow. The effect of miscommunication Communication is a method of exchanging information between individuals. In a health care organization various types of communication is conducted. For example,Show MoreRelatedThe Usage Of Cellular And Wi Fi Systems1130 Words   |  5 Pagesmultiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) and direct device to device communications. This paper concentrates on the coexistence of cellular and Wi-Fi systems in unlicensed bands. It compares two of the more common methods for delivering cellular data traffic over unlicensed bands: traffic offloading and resource sharing. It also discusses a new hybrid method of transferring cellular data traffic, by combining both of the previou sly mentioned methods. Even though transmitting cellular signal directly over unlicensedRead MoreThe advantages and disadvantages of sales force automation.1374 Words   |  6 Pagesbusiness tasks of sales, including order processing, contact management, information sharing, inventory monitoring and control, order tracking, customer management, sales forecast analysis and employee performance evaluation(Thomas, M.S Michael, S.M 1996). This revolution that is sweeping through society is changing the nature of selling. For last 150 years, traditional selling process bases on the two ways communications, that is salespeople to customers, customers to salespeople. Such face-to-faceRead More Communications in Team Environments1284 Words   |  6 PagesCommunications Communication within a collaborative team can be a one to one, one to many, or many to many. Either way, communication is a vital component in maintaining a non-hostile environment of a collaborative team. The objective of communication is to share thoughts, ideas, and feelings in the most common and effective way as possible. Communication is defined as an exchange of information and the transmission of meaning. During the Industrial Revolution age, messenger verbally deliveredRead MoreThe Implementation Of A New System Or Technology1547 Words   |  7 PagesIn the case of communication technologies, current literature offers myriad reasons for exploring new systems. The literature studies different aspects of corporations that are impacted by a change in communication systems. Before any corporate makes a major change, different costs and benefits must be considered. The literature explored discusses the evaluation of the value, effectiveness and necessity of communication technologies for companies in operations, information sharing, internal and externalRead MoreThe Importance Of A Successful Leadership For An Organization1748 Words   |  7 PagesSuccessful leadership can be stripped down to a few simple, yet effective, roles that can make or break any supervisor or organization; and that is communication and teamwork. These activities seem so menial but even the most educated or exper ienced could lack the ability to use these correctly. In any field of work, lack of communication could be detrimental to the success you are striving for. For healthcare, you have to think about the patient as well. Lack of communicating from provider to patientRead MoreThe Impact Of Computer Networks On A Business Organization1622 Words   |  7 Pagesshare and exchange information among and between computer users. Through this, there is efficiency in operation and communication with a business organization and any other work place or institution. To share computer information and services, a company will need a network system that will suit both its employees and within the budget of the company. The faster and cheaper the network the more efficient it will be to the company. The use of LANs and WANs are the most common method used in trying toRead MoreUse Of Interprofessional Practice For Patients1623 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Patient care today is far more complex than it has ever been, and one single profession cannot account for every physical, mental, social, or spiritual issue that may arise within an individual (Hilton, Ghaznavi Zuberi, 2002). In many health care systems, multidisciplinary care is used which involves a number of different types of professionals working alongside each other with separate goals. A more effective method, called interprofessional practice, is being researched which recommendsRead MoreImproving Efficiency And Effectiveness Of Learning1093 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction In the past decade, Information and Communications Technology (ICT) has developed its potential to enable national economic, social, and educational development. Online learning has been promoted as being most effective, more convenient, and providing increased opportunities for the lifelong learner (Olson and Wisher, 2002; Richardson and Swan, 2003). In Thailand, the government started educational reform the 2nd in the 2002 National Education Act (NEA). The purpose of this reform focusedRead MoreEssay on Communication1632 Words   |  7 PagesCommunication In organisation the employees communicate in different ways, every single day. They have talk in meetings, have group discussions and negotiate over the telephone, they write memos, emails, draft letters, reports, and sending faxes in emergencies. The organisation gives out the advertisement in TV, posters, in store advert and many more count as communication, Communication is most important base for develop the business, the communication with other department give theRead MoreCollaboration with Teammates to Increase Production815 Words   |  3 PagesCollaboration means working in pairs or group. It is important in information systems because by working as a team it can results in better work product. It is important that the team members review each other works, by reviewing other members works it they will be able to make improvements. Collaboration needs feedback and iteration. Successful collaboration usually produce a better work than individual. Importance of receiving feedback - Able to produce a better work - Learn from each other. There

Culture and Organisations Low-Cost Carrier Airline

Question: Discuss about the Culture and Organisations for Low-Cost Carrier Airline. Answer: Introduction Tigerair is the company chosen for the report. It is a low-cost carrier airline operating over Asia Pacific region. Tigerair is an airline based in Singapore holding company Singapore Airlines Limited. Tigerair is one of the leading low-cost airlines in Singapore. It was established in 2004. The company offers a fantastic experience to the customers by providing affordable options for travelling to the customers. The holding company of Tigerair is formed for smooth management of the subsidiary airlines along with a future expansion of the companies. Solving operational issues is another motive of the holding company. The aim of Tigerair is to serve people with a memorable experience by exploring new destinations within an affordable price. The company is committed to maintaining reliability and high standard safety to the customers. Tigerair operates over 40 destinations. The goals include Bangladesh, India, China, Macau, Singapore, Maldives, Thailand, Taiwan, Vietnam, etc. The compa ny has won many awards for its service and low-cost carrier in many countries. It is seen that the firm tries to follow the structure of Europe's low-cost airline Ryanair. Tigerair follows the operating structure of Ryanair. The central topic statement of the chosen company revolves around the corporate culture and safety issues of the passengers and the workers. As it is mentioned earlier that Tigerair is a low-cost carrier airline, cost cutting is a vital aspect that is maintained in every step of operations of the company. Due to this cost-cutting issue, the culture of the organisation is getting affected. The enterprise is not having good employee relations in the organisation. The employees including pilots, airhostesses are not provided with extra facilities that the other airlines provide. Tigerair does not have any career planning for their workers. Employees are not provided with proper training of customer service skills and other grooming skills. Theoretical model There are many theoretical frameworks for organisational culture. Models of organisational culture illustrate many aspects of the culture followed by companies. It also suggests the actual type of organisational culture developed by every organisation for smooth flow of operations. In this report, the theoretical models chosen for discussing the cultural issue of Tigerair are the cultural model of Harrison and Schein model. Both these two theories describe different aspects of the behavior of people in a company. Organisational culture model of Schein illustrates three dimensions of organisation cultures such as behaviours and Artifacts, espoused values and shared underlying assumptions. The aspect of Artifacts in the model includes overt, verbal and tangible elements of a company. Organisational Artifacts include dress code, furniture, architecture, official jokes, etc. They are the visible, identifiable elements that are recognised by employees (Hogan Coote, 2014). Rules of behaviour and stated values of organisations are espoused values of the theory. The employees of the enterprise in this way highlight the organisation towards other people and to themselves. The dimension is expressed regarding public statements and official philosophies. Problems can arise if the espoused values of the organisation are not aligned with the assumptions of deeper tacit of the culture (Schein, 2013). The values of the employees play a vital role in determining the organisation culture. Attitude and though t process of the workers create a profound impact on the culture. The culture of a company is influenced by the mindset of the people associated with it. Shared values are intangible factors that create a difference in the organisational culture. Particular facts and beliefs are present in the minds of people that affects the culture of the company (Schneider et al., 2013). Corporate culture's third level is associated with the inner parts of human nature. The underlying assumptions of employees of the company are experienced as unconscious and self-conscious behaviour. It is embedded in the culture of the enterprise. Recognising the assumptions of human behaviour from within is hard. The Cultural model of Schein also enhances organisations for a cultural change. A basis of cultural change could be identified using this model in different corporate entities. As stated by Schein in his model, discussions with the employees of a company can be done to discover their underlying attitude and various aspects of organisation culture. Cultural change in an enterprise is known as transformation process. Employees must be aware of this fact. Behaviour and attitude cannot be taught. It is a slow process. People adopt new behaviour who wants to accept cultural change in an organisation. Figure 1: Schein Organization Culture Model (Source: Created by Author) According to Harrisons cultural model, organisation culture is divided into four groups: task, person, role and person cultures. Task culture refers to project based or matrix structural designs. Task culture is characterised by the power of a team while improving efficiency and helping people to align themselves with the goals of the organisation. Teamwork, group work is practised in task culture. In this culture, the skills and expertise of the person are considered as most important aspect while exerting influence in the organisation. In a person culture, an individual affects a group. An organisation where formal hierarchy is not present, character culture is followed. Companies supporting autocratic leadership have power culture in them. The advantage of this culture is the high speed of decision making by senior management (Schaubroeck et al., 2012). Role culture follows the bureaucratic form of structure. In this culture, positions of a person, job descriptions are more signif icant than characteristics and personal traits of individuals associated with the organisation. High degree of standardisation and formalisation is found along with a lower level in adapting changes. The following diagram shows different dimensions of organisation culture. Figure 2: Harrisons Cultural Model (Source: Created by Author) Schein model is chosen for addressing the problems faced by Tigerair because the theory correctly describes the cultural organisational problems faced by it. It is seen that the three levels of cultures perfectly match the standard of culture followed in Tigerair. On the other hand, Harrison's model of organisational culture portrays different segments of cultures that cannot be aligned with the central topic of the report (Rafaeli Pratt, 2013). The dimensions of Schein model describe various aspects of organisational culture that Harrisons model does not describe. The company faces many cultural issues in the sphere of employee relations, business models, safety and customer satisfaction that can be explained in the light of Schein model rather than Harrison's model of organisational culture. One more aspect that is found in the Schein's model of culture. The issue of cultural change is not highlighted in Harrison's design. On implication of the chosen model, Tigerair can adopt for a cultural shift that is very necessary for gaining a brand reputation as well as increased profitability from the market. Discussion of the topic According to Schein, an organisation cannot adopt a particular culture in a day. Culture develops within a group by the attitude and behaviour of the employees in the due course of time. The view of employees and culture of a company are directly proportional to each other. Both the aspects depend on the degree of level of different external and internal factors. In an organisational culture, employees experience many events and changes and adapt many circumstances of inner and outer environment (Appannah Biggs, 2015). Culture helps in transforming employees from a base level towards perfectionists in the particular field of work. Thus, workers gain lessons from their past events. Many factors shape the organisational culture such as industry, external environment, nature of the workforce, technologies used by the company, ownership and historical background of the business and size of the workforce (Reiman Rollenhagen, 2014). International integration is a vital factor because it is related to the social structures of the company. The high culture of an enterprise will enhance the company in generating more sustainable competitive advantages in the market. Cultural issues and its relation to the theoretical framework: Senior management of the company follows autocratic leadership. They do not listen to their subordinates. Hence, communication gap is prevalent among different levels of management. Apart from that, the business model of the company is not competent enough to portray them as a low-cost carrier airline. The persons associated with the enterprise are not responsible enough to represent the brand name of the airline (Lohmann Vianna, 2016). Moreover, Tigerair has no such plans in proper training and development of the employees. It results in a bad customer service. Cost cutting in every section is creating a real problem for the company. The cultural issues of the enterprise that are mentioned in the central topic are analysed using Schein's theory of organisational culture. The problems will be analysed on the dimensions of the suggested theoretical framework. Artifacts: Artifacts are the visible elements of the company that are carried by the employees of the organisations. These tangible elements are visible to the external people outside the enterprise and staff within the organisation (Shahzad et al., 2012). Many authors said that the identifiable features are the factors of the reputation of a company. Schein pointed out that Artifacts are the characteristics of the company's organisational culture. However, there are advantages and disadvantages of this organisational theory. The report will focus on the problems in the behaviour of the employees (Petitta et al., 2015). Based on the model of organisation culture by Schein, employees carry the image of the brand. The passengers of the aircraft know Tigerair in many countries for its bad customer service. It is due to lack of training and development provided to the people who are providing service to the passengers. Apart from that, the service of Tigerair is not up to the mark when compared to other low-cost carriers (Martinez, Beaulieu, et al. 2015). Most of the passengers are not satisfied with the flight service such as the welcoming attitude of the cabin crew, air hostesses, complimentary meals and other additional services. These are the identifiable aspects of the people associated with the company. It diminishes the image of the brand resulting in lowering profitability. Employees in many cases use remarks that are deregulatory at workplaces while pulling one another into different controversies (Pearson et al., 2015). On the contrary, it is noticed that many countries voted the airline as on e of the best service provided to the passengers. Customers are also satisfied with the level of service provided by the company to its passengers. It can occur in many cases because the demands and level of expectations are not same for people of different countries (Chikweche, 2015). Espoused Values: In this dimension of the cultural model, internal elements of the organisation are considered. Internal components include strategies, mission, vision, business models, the performance of executives, leadership, team performances, and organisational values. According to Schein, values of the people in an enterprise constitute the culture of that particular company (Srisaeng et al., 2014). In this dimension, the cultural issues of Tigerair are aligned with the espoused values of the business. The company is facing problems in the sphere of leadership, strategies, business models, and other aspects. There is no channel of proper communication among the senior level executives and the junior level executives of the company. Due to lack of communication, many problems arise in different departments. High level employees do not consult with the junior executives for taking any decision regarding the service provided on the flights and other operational issues (Diaconu Maxim, 2012). It is the reason of the changed mindset of the people in the company. Senior management of Tigerair has to understand the importance of the junior employees, as they are the individuals who are dealing with the customers on a daily basis. The changed mindset of individual employees in the company will create a negative impact on the organisational culture (Christina, 2015). However, the company has its presence in many countries of the world, but it failed to meet its goals and objectives. It is known as a violation of the espoused values g Tigerair in many locations. The company follows autocratic leade rship that does not yield positive results in many circumstances (Gudmundsson, 2015). Same thing happened in the case of Tigerair. Managers of the companies take decisions by their judgements and views. They hardly consider any suggestions and ideas from their subordinates and followers. Moreover, the treatment of the senior employees towards their junior executives is not right sometimes. Team members often face humiliation and misconduct from the supervisors (O'Connell Vanoverbeke, 2015). Another aspect of problems of Tigerair is inefficient training and development. Few employees and attendants of flight are not provided with proper training module. It leads to inefficient skills of customer service by the front-end employees. The onboard service of the company is indigent. The cabin crew and other flight attendants usually sell low quality junk foods to the passengers (Taneja, 2016). The level of duty is indigent. The passengers of the flights of Tigerair in many countries raise many complaints that forecast the dissatisfaction of the customers. Australia is the country where Tigerair has a bad reputation. Tigerair is the smallest low-cost airline in Australia. Customers are not satisfied with the service of the carrier. It is the result of changed mindset of the employees along with a lack of training module. The new staff are not well acquainted with the mission and vision of Tigerair. Hence, their behaviour towards the customers is different when compared to the organisational goals. Assumptions: The dimension of shared underlying assumptions includes the granted unconscious conduct of the employees of the organisation. It constitutes the essence of the proper culture of the corporation. The model not only includes the internal problems of the company but also it considers the results caused by the internal cultural problems (Carlos Pinho et al., 2014). Tigerair is also noted for the safety issues. Security is paramount in both the sphere of the company as well as the flights. It is mentioned earlier that the firm fails in cost cutting in required sectors. Cutting costs in irrelevant departments results in bad feedback from the passengers. Behavioural aspect is a vital area that is related to the profitability of the company. If the flight attendants of Tigerair are compared to attendants of other airlines, then the differences can be highlighted (Bezrukova et al., 2012). The difference in the behaviour of the employees with the mission of the company is the reas on of the changed mindset. The front-end employees of the company are not aligned with the particular type of organisational culture followed by Tigerair. Communication gap is the most significant problem that is the cause of the unexpected behaviour and attitude of the executives. When new employees are recruited in a company, it is the responsibility of the human resource team to convey the vision and mission of the corporation to them. However, Tigerair has a problem in training modules that leads to misinterpretation of culture by the new employees (Cadden et al., 2013). The underlying subconscious behaviours are the result of lack of communication and training from the company. The gap in communication and guidance from the supervisors, the chance of making mistakes by employees is increased. The company has its operations in many countries of the world. Hence, a bridge of communication is maintained among different branches of the company in the various countries (Chatman et al., 2014). Cross-cultural co mmunication is the best method of maintaining an effective bridge between the different employees at several locations. A vital issue for the company is the safety issue. Due to the pressure of the senior level managers, the junior executives are bound to cut costs from every possible aspect. Under qualified engineers are appointed by Tigerair for the maintenance of the aircraft. It is a big issue regarding the security of the passengers. The employees of Tigerair responsible for cost cutting faces problem from both the senior executives and other external authorities of airlines. In this situation, the behaviours of the employees are not typical (Kuntz et al., 2013). They are often taken as granted by the senior managers. If they raise a particular query, then senior supervisors do not solve the questions. The given attitudes often cause grudges and adverse impact on the cultural aspects of the company resulting in a dangerous level of customer service. The issues in organisation culture of Tigerair are mentioned in a detailed manner and are related to Schein's organisation culture model. However, this cultural model supports the change in organisational culture. Tigerair in its core level of strategic management can follow the change in cultural aspect (Alvesson Sveningsson, 2015). Organisational change for this company is a good solution to improve the present financial conditions along with gaining a substantial reputation of the brand from the market. Conclusion and recommendations The report discusses the organizational culture of the low cost carrier airline, Tigerair. The airline is facing many problems not only in cultural aspects but also in other areas of operations, financials, management, etc. Apart from that, Schein model is explained in a detailed manner that relates the problems faced by Tigerair in cultural perspective. The reputation of Tigerair in the market is falling, as the customers are not satisfied with the service provided by it. The company follows the business model of Ryanair, a famous airline of Europe. However, it fails in implementing the business model actually in the company that results in a huge loss. Apart from that, the most important issue is poor relations among the employees. Recommendations are also provided in the following paragraph that will help the company in mitigating the cultural problems resulting to earning more profitability. There are many facilities provided by the low cost-carrier airline. It does not mean that the airline will cut costs from all fields of operations. Providing best service to the customers should be the main motive of the company along with maintaining a good relation with its employees. Tigerair must implement steps in retention of skilled employees to save costs incurred in the recruitment of new talent pools. It should provide adequate training to the people so that they can provide excellent customer service on the flight. Pilots, airhostesses, and other employees should be provided extra benefits so that they remain motivated towards the work. The most important issue is the safety of the workers and the passengers. Systems of safety are to be included in the flights. 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Davidson ethos. Recommenaatlon free essay sample

At the core, these three transformations†in manufacturing, product development and at retail†come down to one thing: we must ensure, in a world of ever-increasing customer expectations, Harley-Davidson continues to fulfill dreams through remarkable motorcycles and extraordinary customer experiences far into the future (Harley Davidson, 2011, p. 5). All of HDs improvements end here. The improvement require all stake holder to work together to make the customer experience unique. The improvements, if effective will add to the Harley My recommendation to Harley executives is to remember to stay true to the brand, but to attempt to market products to find new consumer within the US. Since HDs inception, Harley has been associated with the freedom of America, but it may be losing it American consumer while changing to a global market. Harley-Davidson demographics has long shown its reliance on an overwhelmingly white, male and middle-aged consumer base would ultimately challenge sales in North America, where it still earns two-thirds of its revenue (Kelleher, 2013). We will write a custom essay sample on Davidson ethos. Recommenaatlon or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The goal that I propose s to include marketing to a younger group with a disposable income. I have been introduced to Harley; in fact, I learned to ride on a Buell in a Harley Drivers Edge Safety Course. I an African American female and have never been in the Harley advertising demographic. Harley does have a female riders program but its not advertised. All of the commercials that I have seen for Harley actual talk about the experience and financing. Although it is an American institution like a lot of older brands, it may lose it appeal a younger population. Increasing its consumer base an only be beneficial to its other stakeholders. It may potentially prevent manufacturing Jobs from being transferred outside of the U. S. as Harley seeks consumers in other locations. Harley Davidsons use of strategic management is in line with the needs of its main stakeholders. The companys mission acknowledges the need to meet the demands of all stakeholders for a more effective organization. Harleys vision recognizes what HD brand means to the consumer. The organizations goals and objectives seek to make the brand more effective in the current global arket while satisfying the needs of its stakeholders.